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How to use gdb in Ubuntu Terminal

Here's a practical, minimal guide for using GDB in Ubuntu terminal — from launching to setting breakpoints and navigating your code. 🧰 Step 1: Compile with Debug Symbols Use -g and disable optimizations ( -O0 preferred for debugging): bash Copy Edit g++ -g -O0 -o myprog myprog.cpp 🚀 Step 2: Launch GDB bash Copy Edit gdb ./myprog You'll see a (gdb) prompt. 🎯 Step 3: Set Breakpoints You can set breakpoints in three main ways : ✅ a. At a function gdb Copy Edit (gdb) break main ✅ b. At a specific file and line gdb Copy Edit (gdb) break myprog.cpp:42 ✅ c. At a method in a class gdb Copy Edit (gdb) break MyClass::doSomething If the symbol is mangled (C++), GDB usually demangles automatically, especially if compiled with -g . ▶️ Step 4: Run the Program gdb Copy Edit (gdb) run 🧭 Step 5: Navigate Command Meaning next or n Step over current line step or s Step into function call finish Run until current function returns continue or c Continue until...
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apache server installation ubuntu : chatGpt ans

To install the Apache HTTP Server on Ubuntu, you can follow these steps:

1. Update Your Package List

First, update your package list to ensure you have the latest information on available packages:

bash
sudo apt update

2. Install Apache

Next, install the Apache server with the following command:

bash
sudo apt install apache2

3. Start and Enable Apache

Once installed, you may want to start Apache and enable it to start automatically on boot:

bash
sudo systemctl start apache2
sudo systemctl enable apache2

4. Check Apache Status

You can check the status of the Apache service to ensure it is running:

bash
sudo systemctl status apache2

If Apache is running correctly, you should see a status that includes active (running).

5. Test Apache Installation

To confirm that Apache was installed and is running properly, open a web browser and enter your server’s IP address or localhost:

bash
http://localhost

If everything is set up correctly, you should see the default Apache welcome page, which says "Apache2 Ubuntu Default Page."

Additional Configuration (Optional)

  • Firewall Configuration: If your server has a firewall enabled, you might need to allow HTTP (and optionally HTTPS) traffic. You can do this with:

    bash
    sudo ufw allow 'Apache Full'

  • Document Root: The default document root for Apache is /var/www/html. You can place your website files here to serve them via Apache.

Uninstalling Apache (If Needed)

If you need to uninstall Apache at any point, you can do so with:

bash
sudo apt remove apache2

And to remove any associated configuration files:

bash
sudo apt purge apache2

Finally, clean up any unused dependencies:

bash
sudo apt autoremove

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