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How to use gdb in Ubuntu Terminal

Here's a practical, minimal guide for using GDB in Ubuntu terminal — from launching to setting breakpoints and navigating your code. 🧰 Step 1: Compile with Debug Symbols Use -g and disable optimizations ( -O0 preferred for debugging): bash Copy Edit g++ -g -O0 -o myprog myprog.cpp 🚀 Step 2: Launch GDB bash Copy Edit gdb ./myprog You'll see a (gdb) prompt. 🎯 Step 3: Set Breakpoints You can set breakpoints in three main ways : ✅ a. At a function gdb Copy Edit (gdb) break main ✅ b. At a specific file and line gdb Copy Edit (gdb) break myprog.cpp:42 ✅ c. At a method in a class gdb Copy Edit (gdb) break MyClass::doSomething If the symbol is mangled (C++), GDB usually demangles automatically, especially if compiled with -g . ▶️ Step 4: Run the Program gdb Copy Edit (gdb) run 🧭 Step 5: Navigate Command Meaning next or n Step over current line step or s Step into function call finish Run until current function returns continue or c Continue until...
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C Notes: GUI Toolkit comparison - EFL, GTK, IUP, XForms, XVT : gBard Ans

 Here's a comparison of the GUI toolkits you mentioned, highlighting key features, pros, and cons:

**ToolkitKey FeaturesProsCons**
Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL)- Native look and feel - Comprehensive widget set - Built-in effects and animations - Advanced graphics capabilities- Highly customizable - Modern and visually appealing interfaces - Efficient resource management- Steeper learning curve - Smaller community and resources
GTK- Cross-platform - Widely adopted - Extensive widget set - Mature and well-supported- Native look and feel on most platforms - Large community and resources - Good performance- Can be less visually appealing out-of-the-box - Steeper learning curve for complex UIs
IUP- Cross-platform - Lightweight and efficient - Simple API - Multiple language bindings- Easy to learn and use - Fast performance - Suitable for embedded systems- Smaller widget set - Less customization options
XForms- Cross-platform - Model-view-controller architecture - Declarative UI definition - Designed for rapid development- Easy to create complex UIs - Clear separation of concerns - Good for data-driven applications- Less common and mature - Smaller community and resources
XVT- Cross-platform - Native look and feel - Comprehensive widget set - Mature and stable- Consistent UI across platforms - Good performance - Wide range of widgets- Proprietary license - Older codebase - Less active development

Additional Considerations:

  • Active Development: GTK and EFL have the most active development, while XForms and XVT are less actively maintained.
  • Target Platforms: Consider the toolkit's support for your intended platforms (Windows, macOS, Linux, embedded systems).
  • Community and Resources: GTK and EFL have larger communities and more resources available.
  • Performance: IUP and XForms are generally known for their efficiency and speed.
  • Ease of Use: IUP and XForms often have simpler APIs for basic UI creation.
  • Customization: EFL and GTK offer more extensive customization options.

Best Choice: The ideal toolkit depends on your specific project requirements, preferences, and constraints. It's often helpful to experiment with different options to find the best fit.

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